Microplastic Removal from Wastewater: A Review

Naeema Amjad, Mohammad Nouman Amjad

Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, China

Abstract

Water, essential for all life forms, faces increasing contamination due to rising population and industrialization. Microplastics (MPs), defined as plastic particles smaller than 5 mm, contribute significantly to water pollution, entering ecosystems from various sources and subsequently affecting organisms. These microplastics exhibit diverse characteristics, including size, type, and color. Upon ingestion or absorption by organisms, they pose detrimental effects on animals, plants, and humans, leading to various diseases. In wastewater, microplastics interact with other pollutants, complicating removal processes. Factors such as particle size, weathering, and surface properties influence the behavior of microplastics in aquatic environments. Microplastics must be correctly identified before they can be removed. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), SEM-energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDS), and environmental SEM-EDS are some of the techniques that are commonly used for this. Traditional methods for microplastic removal have proven less effective over time, prompting the development of advanced techniques. Emerging approaches, including the use of micro-algae, magnetic extraction, and metal-organic frameworks, show promise in enhancing microplastic removal efficiency. However, it is imperative to prioritize strategies aimed at reducing plastic consumption and minimizing microplastic release into the environment. In conclusion, addressing microplastic pollution in water necessitates a multifaceted approach, combining awareness-raising efforts, improved detection methods, and innovative removal technologies. By implementing these strategies, we can mitigate the adverse effects of microplastics on aquatic ecosystems and human health.

 

Keywords: Microplastics (MPs), Industrialization, Micro-algae, Magnetic extraction, Metal-organic.

 

Full length article    *Corresponding Author, e-mail: naeemaamjad52@gmail.com;noumanrandhawa52@gmail.com; doi # 10.71111/Science today/1-24-1-1-st-1